Deshawn “DJ” Chow waited a 12 months to obtain a remedy that would change his life. The 19-year-old was born with sickle cell illness, which makes his pink blood cells crescent-shaped and sticky. The misshapen cells construct up and block blood vessels, reducing off oxygen to elements of the physique and inflicting episodes of excruciating ache. The situation impacts about 100,000 folks in the US, most of them Black.

The ache got here increasingly more often for Chow in highschool, touchdown him within the hospital usually. He missed college, birthday events, and sleepovers with pals. Typically, the ache lasted for days. “It’s like my physique is on fireplace,” he says.

A 12 months in the past, he discovered a few new remedy known as Casgevy that would finish his years-long battle with ache. It’s the first authorised drugs to make use of the Nobel Prize–profitable know-how referred to as Crispr, a kind of gene modifying. Chow obtained Casgevy on December 5 at Metropolis of Hope Most cancers Middle in Los Angeles. He’s among the many first sufferers within the US to get the remedy since its approval in December 2023. It was additionally authorised for beta thalassemia, a associated blood dysfunction, this January.

As a result of manufacturing complexities, insurance coverage delays, and the intensive preparation concerned for sufferers, few people within the US have been dosed with Casgevy because it grew to become commercially accessible. The sluggish rollout underscores the sophisticated nature of commercializing cutting-edge medical remedies and getting them to sufferers. One other genetic remedy for sickle cell, Lyfgenia, received approval final December, and the primary affected person was handled in September. Made by Bluebird Bio, it makes use of an older know-how that introduces a brand new gene to deal with the illness.

Vertex Prescription drugs and Crispr Therapeutics, which developed Casgevy, haven’t publicly stated what number of sufferers have obtained the remedy up to now. WIRED reached out to all 34 US hospitals authorised to manage it as of December. Of the 26 that supplied solutions, solely Metropolis of Hope and Youngsters’s Nationwide Hospital in Washington, DC, stated they’d administered Casgevy. (Three hospitals declined to remark, and 5 others didn’t reply to a number of inquiries.) Chow is Metropolis of Hope’s first sickle cell affected person, whereas a beta thalassemia affected person has been handled at Youngsters’s Nationwide. A number of approved facilities informed WIRED they may deal with their first sufferers in early 2025.

“The method of getting this drug could be very totally different from simply taking a capsule,” says Leo Wang, Chow’s hematologist-oncologist at Metropolis of Hope. It’s a one-time remedy that includes amassing and modifying an individual’s stem cells. For the affected person, it means a harsh spherical of chemotherapy earlier than getting the cells, and a month within the hospital afterward.